Keep yourself and pets safe as Valley temperatures continue to rise

FRESNO, Calif. (KFSN) -- Persistently high temperatures nearing triple digits are prompting concerns from local health professionals, who see an increase in emergency visits tied to heat-related illnesses.

Emergency medicine physician Dr. Anu Gopalan with Kaiser Permanente said patients typically fall into four categories when treated for heat-related conditions.

"One is water loss and salt loss. Number two is temperature dysregulation, so your body loses its ability to control its own temperature. Number three is the U.V. exposure, and number four is how the heat destabilizes some of the conditions that you already might have," Dr. Gopalan said.

He noted that these factors can combine and quickly become dangerous.

To reduce risk, Gopalan emphasized the importance of preparation, including drinking about three liters of water daily along with electrolytes, while cutting back on soda, juice and caffeine.

Protecting against sunlight exposure is also key. Dr. Gopalan advised wearing loose, light-colored clothing, sunglasses and sunscreen, including on areas often overlooked such as the scalp, lips. and ears.

He also urged people to watch for warning signs of heat-related illness.

"Excessive sweating, thirst, cramps, fatigue, nausea, lightheadedness and especially if you're having confusion. These are all signals to call 911," said Dr. Gopalan.

Certain groups face higher risks, he said, including older adults, infants and young children, outdoor workers and people with chronic illnesses.

Heat can also worsen existing medical conditions, he added, particularly for people with heart disease, diabetes, asthma or mental health conditions. Some medications can further increase vulnerability.

"Some of the medications that you take for these chronic conditions disable your body's ability to cool itself, and sometimes it suppresses sweating or impair your heart's ability to compensate. So it's important that you speak with your doctor about these medications and how you can stay proactive," Dr. Gopalan said.

Experts are also urging pet owners to take precautions during the extreme heat. Annette Wray, shelter operations manager with Central California's SPCA, said animals can suffer heat exhaustion quickly.

"Labored breathing, panting, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, slobbering, drooling -- if you do notice that your animal is going through these symptoms, take them to a vet right away so they can be seen and looked at," Wray said.

She advised keeping pets' water bowls cool and refilled daily, never leaving animals in cars and limiting walks to early morning or late evening hours.

"Before you walk on the concrete, put your palm to it and see if it's hot for you. If it's hot for you and your palm, then it's going to be hot for your animals as well," Wray said.

With temperatures expected to remain high, officials stress that awareness and preventative steps are key to avoiding serious health risks for both people and pets.

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