a. has been around for hundreds of years under different names
b. first appeared in the 1990s
c. was revived in the 1990s after being ignored for about fifty years
d. was discovered along with Mendelian genetics
e. is only a few years old
2. What is meant by the phrase "turn genes on" or "turn genes off "?
a. Mobile elements copy or degrade a gene within a cell.
b. Hox genes determine whether specific genes are expressed in a particular place and time.
c. Genes are differentially spliced.
d. Mutations within a gene activate or degrade the gene.
e. Proteins enhance or degrade the activity of other proteins within a gene.
3. Which of the following explains the vast variation of traits in organisms on Earth?
a. linkage disequilibrium
b. orthogenesis
c. natural selection
d. blending inheritance
e. directed variation
4. Who introduced the theory of punctuated equilibrium?
a. Haldane and Wright
b. Kirschner and Gerhart
c. Lewontin and Hubby
d. Gould and Eldredge
e. Turelli and Fitzpatrick
5. Humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor. If you compared their genomes, you could determine
a. which species is most evolved
b. why humans have vestigial structures
c. which species developed first
d. what atavistic stepping stones led to humanity
e. how long ago the populations separated
6. According to the article, "Jurassic Genome," what is "junk DNA"?
a. virus-like DNA that replaces other parts of the genome
b. DNA that does not code for proteins
c. chunks of genes that are snipped out of a genome
d. genes that create mutations
e. genes that can be removed from DNA without affecting the organism
7. Tiktaalik is a transitional species that was found in a very small area. However, the fossils of its ancestors and the species that evolved from it were spread over vast regions. This pattern is consistent with
a. mutation
b. punctuated equilibrium
c. linkage disequilibrium
d. random distribution
e. phylogeny
8. According to the modern synthesis, a change in allele frequencies in a population is called
a. evolution
b. directed selection
c. Neo-Darwinism
d. recombination
e. gene flow
9. During his voyage on the Beagle, Darwin was able to compare similar finch species from the Galapagos Islands, Cocos Island and
a. North America
b. Easter Island
c. Africa
d. the mainland of South America
e. Europe
10. Which kind of mutation does NOT usually change the length of a chromosome?
a. insertion
b. deletion
c. translocation
d. inversion
e. frame shift
| Click for Academic Decathlon Answers |
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